Overview & Description:

A variable ratio schedule, stemming from operant conditioning theories, refers to a reinforcement schedule where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses. This schedule creates a high, stable rate of responding, often making behaviors resistant to extinction.

Example:

Slot machines in casinos reward users after an unpredictable number of uses, making gambling behavior quite resistant to extinction.

Implications:

• Behavior Modification: Implementing effective reinforcement schedules in behavior change programs.
• Addiction Studies: Understanding how variable rewards can contribute to addictive behaviors.

References:

• Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and Human Behavior. Simon and Schuster.